Pulley L V, McAlister A L, Kay L S, O'Reilly K
Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Health Educ Q. 1996 Nov;23(4):488-96. doi: 10.1177/109019819602300408.
Using applied behavioral science techniques that have been successful in other areas of health promotion, community-level campaigns were implemented in 5 cities to prevent HIV infection among hard-to-reach, at-risk populations: men who have sex with men but do not self-identify as gay; women who engage in sex for money or drugs; injecting drug users (IDUs), female sex partners of IDUs; and youth in high-risk situations. Communication materials presented positive role models for risk-reducing behaviors, and peer networks prompted and reinforced the behavior change process. This article describes the first year of intervention experience and documents the practical application of theoretical concepts of persuasion and learning. The use of theory and data to develop 188 educational messages is illustrated and training methods and experiences are reported for 150 peer leaders, 104 other community networkers, and 22 outreach workers. These activities are feasible and appear to offer an effective, general approach for diverse, special populations.
利用在其他健康促进领域已取得成功的应用行为科学技术，在5个城市开展了社区层面的活动，以预防难以接触到的高危人群感染艾滋病毒，这些人群包括：与男性发生性关系但不自我认同为同性恋的男性；以性换取金钱或毒品的女性；注射吸毒者；注射吸毒者的女性性伴侣；以及处于高危情况的青少年。宣传材料展示了降低风险行为的积极榜样，同伴网络推动并强化了行为改变过程。本文描述了第一年的干预经验，并记录了说服和学习理论概念的实际应用。阐述了如何利用理论和数据制定188条教育信息，并报告了针对150名同伴领袖、104名其他社区网络工作者和22名外展工作者的培训方法和经验。这些活动是可行的，似乎为不同的特殊人群提供了一种有效的通用方法。
