Kleiman M A, Mantell J E, Alexander E S
Community Ment Health J. 1977 Summer;13(2):115-24. doi: 10.1007/BF01410880.
Cancer patients frequently encounter psychological problems distinct from those with other serious illnesses. Cancer's deadly nature and its drastic treatment often alienate patients from relatives and caregivers. The CanCervive program trained cancer patients to counsel other patients. They functioned as role models and provided opportunities for catharsis. Yet their own unresolved conflicts often led them to overidentify with patients. Volunteers lacked insight into their own feelings of stress at seeing dying patients and their own guilt over their relatively advantaged medical status. Despite this, they helped patients cope with their insecurities and dependency needs, and assisted with professional education.
癌症患者经常会遇到一些与其他重症患者不同的心理问题。癌症的致命性及其激进的治疗方式常常使患者与亲属和护理人员疏远。“癌症生存者互助”项目培训癌症患者为其他患者提供咨询。他们充当榜样，并提供宣泄的机会。然而，他们自身未解决的冲突常常导致他们过度认同患者。志愿者们缺乏对自己看到临终患者时的压力感受以及对自己相对优越的医疗状况所产生的内疚感的洞察。尽管如此，他们帮助患者应对不安全感和依赖需求，并协助进行专业教育。
