Ipsiroglu O S, Steck J, Michel E, Pessenhofer H, Jorch G, Pollak A
Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Vienna, Austria.
Eur J Pediatr. 1996 Nov;155(11):942-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02282884.
Transcranial Doppler systems have not been available for monitoring of cerebral blood flow velocities in neonates because of potential hazardous effects of energy output from standard instruments developed for adult application. Aim of the study was to test commercially available transcranial Doppler instruments for their applicability in neonates and to develop guidelines for adaptation for safe neonatal use. Energy output of five commercially available transcranial Doppler instruments was measured with a hydrophone system and a radiation force balance. At the highest setting and at the nominal 10% attenuation level, five out of five and two out of five instruments, respectively, had an energy output above the recommended limits. Power reduction was not linear in one instrument. Evaluation of safety devices (alarm, freeze mode, energy reduction facilities, display of energy values) showed that none of the tested instruments had an optimal setting for safe neonatal application.
Commercially available transcranial Doppler instruments should be evaluated critically for their energy output prior to their application in neonates. Special software for neonatal application of transcranial Doppler systems should be developed in order to provide extremely low energy output levels and devices for indication of duration of Doppler insonation and energy output.
由于为成人应用开发的标准仪器的能量输出存在潜在危害，经颅多普勒系统一直无法用于监测新生儿的脑血流速度。本研究的目的是测试市售经颅多普勒仪器在新生儿中的适用性，并制定安全用于新生儿的适配指南。使用水听器系统和辐射力平衡测量了五种市售经颅多普勒仪器的能量输出。在最高设置和标称10%衰减水平下，分别有五分之五和五分之二的仪器能量输出超过推荐限值。有一种仪器的功率降低不是线性的。对安全装置（警报、冻结模式、能量降低设施、能量值显示）的评估表明，所测试的仪器均没有适合新生儿安全应用的最佳设置。
市售经颅多普勒仪器在应用于新生儿之前，应严格评估其能量输出。应开发用于经颅多普勒系统新生儿应用的特殊软件，以提供极低的能量输出水平以及用于指示多普勒超声检查持续时间和能量输出的装置。
