Layton T R
Naples Community Hospital, FL, USA.
J Am Coll Surg. 1996 Nov;183(5):514-24.
Lieutenant General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson, one of the most famous and successful Confederate generals of the American Civil War, was shot at the battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia on May 2, 1863, after leading his army in a surprise attack that destroyed the entire right flank of the Union army.
A thorough review was made of all firsthand accounts of the events surrounding General Jackson's wounding, all papers listed in the medical literature describing General Jackson's care, and several classical as well as several recent texts and articles about General Jackson. In addition, a site visit was made to examine the actual geographic locations where the events surrounding General Jackson's wounding occurred.
After his wounding on May 2, General Jackson was rendered appropriate care-under the circumstances- by Doctor Hunter Holmes McGuire, Jackson's medical director. Doctor McGuire controlled the hemorrhage from Jackson's wounds, helped evacuate the General from the battlefield, amputated the general's badly injured left arm, and diligently cared for Jackson until the General's death on May 10, 1863.
General Jackson's death was a direct result of his wounds, the effects of hemorrhagic shock, a chest injury, and pneumonia. The wounding and death of General Stonewall Jackson had a profoundly negative effect on the fate of the Confederate cause in the American Civil War since the Confederacy irreplaceably lost one of its best generals.
托马斯·J·“石墙”·杰克逊中将是美国内战期间最著名、最成功的南方邦联将领之一。1863年5月2日，他在弗吉尼亚州钱瑟勒斯维尔战役中受伤，此前他率领军队发动突然袭击，摧毁了联邦军队的整个右翼。
对所有关于杰克逊将军受伤事件的第一手描述、医学文献中列出的所有描述杰克逊将军治疗情况的文件，以及几本经典和近期关于杰克逊将军的书籍及文章进行了全面审查。此外，还进行了实地考察，以查看杰克逊将军受伤事件发生的实际地理位置。
5月2日受伤后，杰克逊将军在当时的情况下得到了他的军医主任亨特·霍姆斯·麦圭尔医生的妥善治疗。麦圭尔医生控制了杰克逊伤口的出血，协助将军撤离战场，截去了将军伤势严重的左臂，并悉心照料杰克逊，直至其于1863年5月10日去世。
杰克逊将军的死亡是其伤口、失血性休克、胸部损伤和肺炎共同作用的直接结果。石墙杰克逊将军的受伤和死亡对美国内战中南方邦联事业的命运产生了极其负面的影响，因为南方邦联无可替代地失去了一位最优秀的将领。
