Mansour M, Franz G
Joint Food and Agricultural Organization/International Atomic Energy Program, FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratory, Seibersdorf, Austria.
J Econ Entomol. 1996 Oct;89(5):1175-80. doi: 10.1093/jee/89.5.1175.
Effects of gamma radiation on the egg and larval stages of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), were examined. Eggs and larvae were exposed at different ages to a series of gamma radiation doses ranging from 5 to 1,280 Gy. Eggs in the 1st half of their development (1 and 24 h) were very sensitive to irradiation treatment (20 Gy prevented egg hatch). However, mature eggs (48 h old) were much more tolerant. When mature eggs were irradiated, a dose of 640 Gy prevented egg hatch. Pupariation of eggs treated at 1 and 24 h was significantly affected at a dose of 20 Gy; adult emergence of eggs at 1, 14, and 48 h was prevented at this dose. The larval stage was significantly more resistant to radiation than the egg stage. Survival to the pupal stage increased with increasing age of larvae, and decreased with increasing dose. The minimum dose required to prevent pupariation ranged from over 160 Gy for the 1st instar to > 640 Gy for mature 3rd instars. In contrast, doses required to prevent adult emergence from irradiated larvae were relatively low and ranged from 10-20 to 20-40 Gy depending on the age of the insects when irradiated. Tests in which > 100,000 mature larvae were treated in air with a dose of 40 Gy resulted in no adult emergence. Similar results were obtained when 3rd instars were irradiated inside natural host fruits in a small scale laboratory experiment.
研究了γ辐射对地中海实蝇（Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)）卵期和幼虫期的影响。卵和幼虫在不同龄期接受了一系列γ辐射剂量，范围从5到1280戈瑞。处于发育前半期（1小时和24小时）的卵对辐照处理非常敏感（20戈瑞可阻止卵孵化）。然而，成熟卵（48小时龄）的耐受性要强得多。当成熟卵受到辐照时，640戈瑞的剂量可阻止卵孵化。在1小时和24小时处理的卵，20戈瑞的剂量对化蛹有显著影响；此剂量可阻止1小时、14小时和48小时龄卵发育为成虫。幼虫期对辐射的抗性明显高于卵期。幼虫发育至蛹期的存活率随幼虫龄期增加而提高，随剂量增加而降低。阻止化蛹所需的最小剂量，1龄幼虫超过160戈瑞，成熟3龄幼虫则大于640戈瑞。相比之下，阻止辐照幼虫发育为成虫所需的剂量相对较低，根据辐照时昆虫的龄期，范围在10 - 20戈瑞至20 - 40戈瑞之间。在空气中用40戈瑞剂量处理超过100,000只成熟幼虫的试验未产生成虫。在小规模实验室实验中，对天然寄主果实内的3龄幼虫进行辐照时也获得了类似结果。
