Bullough J, Rea M S, Stevens R G
Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
Bioelectromagnetics. 1996;17(5):396-405. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-186X(1996)17:5<396::AID-BEM7>3.0.CO;2-Z.
Effects of light and electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on pineal function could have implications for long-term risk of breast cancer, reproductive irregularities, or depression. Health-care workers in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were interviewed to determine the tasks, work locations, and practices in their work environment as well as the care provided to the infants. After an initial visit, methods for measuring illuminance, luminance, and broadband resultant magnetic fields throughout the NICU were developed. Measurements were made of one nursery during a daytime (1:00 p.m.) and a night-time (12:30 a.m.) visit. Measurements relevant to both nurses and premature infants in the NICU were made. Some measurements could not be completed so as not to interfere with nurses' duties in the NICU. Illuminances measured during the daytime and nighttime averaged 184 and 34 lux (lx), respectively, much lower than those reported in other studies of illuminance in NICUs, with a maximum illuminance of 747 lx. Peak levels may be consistent with those thought to suppress melatonin. There was a high degree of variability in EMF levels, which exceeded 1,000 mG close to certain hospital equipment but averaged 1-2 mG at the nurses' workstation. Fields within incubators exceeded 10 mG.
光线和电磁场（EMF）对松果体功能的影响可能与乳腺癌、生殖功能紊乱或抑郁症的长期风险有关。对新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的医护人员进行了访谈，以确定他们工作环境中的任务、工作地点和操作规范，以及为婴儿提供的护理。在首次访问后，制定了在整个NICU测量照度、亮度和宽带合成磁场的方法。在一次白天（下午1:00）和一次夜间（凌晨12:30）访问期间，对一个保育室进行了测量。进行了与NICU中的护士和早产儿相关的测量。为了不干扰NICU护士的工作，一些测量未能完成。白天和夜间测量的照度平均分别为184勒克斯（lx）和34勒克斯，远低于其他关于NICU照度的研究报告，最大照度为747勒克斯。峰值水平可能与被认为会抑制褪黑素的水平一致。电磁场水平存在高度变异性，在某些医院设备附近超过1000毫高斯（mG），但在护士工作站平均为1 - 2毫高斯。保育箱内的磁场超过10毫高斯。
