Chabot R J, Serfontein G
Department of Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Nov 15;40(10):951-63. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00576-5.
Quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) was obtained from 407 children with attention deficit disorder. These QEEGs were compared to those of 310 normal children. Discriminant analysis resulted in a specificity of 88% and a sensitivity of 93.7% for distinguishing normal children from those with attention deficit disorder. Two major neurophysiological subtypes were evident within the 92.6% abnormal QEEG profiles encountered. The first showed varying degrees of EEG slowing, especially in frontal regions, whereas the second showed an increase in EEG activity, especially in frontal regions. Deviations from normal development rather than maturational lag were present as the source of the neurophysiological abnormality in the majority of these children. In conjunction with recent magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and regional cerebral blood flow studies, these results indicate neurophysiological dysfunction within the cortical and subcortical structures that serve the frontal/striatal system. Models suggesting both hypo- or hyperarousal of these structures are supported.
对407名患有注意力缺陷障碍的儿童进行了定量脑电图（QEEG）检测。将这些儿童的QEEG与310名正常儿童的进行比较。判别分析显示，区分正常儿童和患有注意力缺陷障碍儿童的特异性为88%，敏感性为93.7%。在遇到的92.6%异常QEEG图谱中，明显存在两种主要的神经生理亚型。第一种表现为脑电图不同程度的减慢，尤其是额叶区域，而第二种表现为脑电图活动增加，尤其是额叶区域。在这些儿童中的大多数，神经生理异常的根源是与正常发育的偏差而非成熟延迟。结合最近的磁共振成像、正电子发射断层扫描和局部脑血流研究，这些结果表明服务于额叶/纹状体系统的皮质和皮质下结构存在神经生理功能障碍。支持这些结构存在低唤醒或高唤醒的模型。
