Vettraino I M, Roby J, Tolley T, Parks W C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Placenta. 1996 Nov;17(8):557-63. doi: 10.1016/s0143-4004(96)80072-5.
Human pregnancy is associated with extensive growth and remodelling of the uterus and placenta, and restructuring of these tissues during specific stages of gestation likely involves the degradative activity of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this investigation, we used in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to identify the sites and cell source of collagenase-1 (MMP-1), stromelysin-1 (MMP-3), matrilysin (MMP-7), and 92 kDa gelatinase (MMP-9), a subgroup of MMPs with the combined ability to degrade essentially all matrix proteins. Human tissues were recovered from uncomplicated pregnancies at various gestational ages and from pregnancies complicated by chorioamnionitis, pre-eclampsia, and placenta accreta. Our results show prominent expression of all four MMPs in specific cells of human placentae involved in trophoblast invasion and placental maturation. Collagenase-1 and stromelysin-1 were detected in cells of the amnion, decidua, and chorionic villi at all stages of pregnancy. Ninety-two kilodalton gelatinase was present in granulocytes whenever present. Matrilysin was seen in cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts during early pregnancy but only in cytotrophoblasts by the third trimester. In addition, we found that matrilysin is over expressed and is produced by more cell types in placentae from pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia suggesting that the proteolytic activity of this MMP contributes to the pathology of this condition. We conclude that certain MMPs produced by resident cells of the human placenta, and in particular trophoblasts, participate in the physiological progress human gestation and parturition.
人类妊娠与子宫和胎盘的广泛生长及重塑相关，在妊娠特定阶段这些组织的重构可能涉及多种基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）的降解活性。在本研究中，我们使用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法来确定胶原酶-1（MMP-1）、基质溶解素-1（MMP-3）、基质溶素（MMP-7）和92 kDa明胶酶（MMP-9）的位点及细胞来源，这是一组MMPs亚群，它们共同具备降解几乎所有基质蛋白的能力。从不同孕周的正常妊娠以及合并绒毛膜羊膜炎、先兆子痫和胎盘植入的妊娠中获取人体组织。我们的结果显示，这四种MMPs在参与滋养层细胞侵袭和胎盘成熟的人胎盘特定细胞中均有显著表达。在妊娠各阶段，羊膜、蜕膜和绒毛膜绒毛细胞中均可检测到胶原酶-1和基质溶解素-1。只要有粒细胞存在，92 kDa明胶酶就会出现。在妊娠早期，基质溶素可见于细胞滋养层细胞和合胞体滋养层细胞中，但在妊娠晚期仅见于细胞滋养层细胞中。此外，我们发现基质溶素在合并先兆子痫的妊娠胎盘组织中表达上调且由更多细胞类型产生，这表明该MMP的蛋白水解活性与这种疾病的病理过程有关。我们得出结论，人胎盘驻留细胞，特别是滋养层细胞产生的某些MMPs参与了人类妊娠和分娩的生理过程。
