The utility of dual diagnosis services for consumers from nonwhite ethnic groups.

Differences in psychosocial functioning, symptoms, service use, and costs for 40 nonwhite consumers of mental health services and 92 white consumers were compared at baseline and six months in a controlled clinical trial of three dual diagnosis interventions. At six months nonwhite consumers had lower psychosocial functioning than white consumers as measured by self-report and clinicians' ratings. Nonwhite consumers received significantly less supportive treatment than white consumers. Qualitative data from staff interviews indicated that nonwhite consumers had inadequate community and family supports due to a variety of problems. Although the nonwhite consumers had outcomes similar to those of white consumers, the complex needs of the nonwhite consumers warrant additional staff resources and culturally sensitive services in dual diagnosis treatment programs.