Midanik L T, Tam T W, Greenfield T K, Caetano R
Alcohol Research Group, Western Consortium for Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA.
Addiction. 1996 Oct;91(10):1427-37; discussion 1439-56. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1996.911014273.x.
To assess the relationship of alcohol use and three types of alcohol-related problems (ICD-10 dependence syndrome, work problems and drunk driving), risk curves were developed for average number of drinks per day during last year (volume) and number of days drinking five or more drinks during one day (5+). Using data from the 1988 National Health Interview Alcohol Supplement, risk curves were derived from data on 22,102 current drinkers who consumed at least 12 drinks in the last year. The emphasis in this analysis was on the proportion of drinkers at lower levels reporting different types of problems. The results indicate that even at lower levels of drinking (volume averaging one or fewer drinks/day) there is considerable risk for drunk driving and less risk for work problems and alcohol dependence. The risk for all types of problems at lower and moderate levels of drinking was significantly higher for respondents who had five or more drinks during one day in the last year. These findings underscore the importance of examining risk (physical and social) at lower levels of drinking and for using both overall volume and heavier quantity per occasion drinking measures when assessing risk for any alcohol-related problem.
为评估饮酒与三种酒精相关问题（国际疾病分类第十版依赖综合征、工作问题和酒后驾车）之间的关系，针对去年每日平均饮酒量（饮酒量）和一日内饮用五杯或更多杯酒的天数（5+）绘制了风险曲线。利用1988年全国健康访谈酒精补充调查的数据，从去年至少饮用12杯酒的22102名当前饮酒者的数据中得出风险曲线。该分析的重点是报告不同类型问题的低饮酒水平饮酒者的比例。结果表明，即使在较低饮酒水平（平均每日饮酒量为一杯或更少），酒后驾车的风险也相当高，而工作问题和酒精依赖的风险则较低。对于去年有一日内饮用五杯或更多杯酒经历的受访者，在低和中度饮酒水平下，所有类型问题的风险显著更高。这些发现强调了在较低饮酒水平下检查风险（身体和社会方面）以及在评估任何酒精相关问题的风险时使用总体饮酒量和单次饮酒量较大这两种测量方法的重要性。
