Comerota A J, Stewart G J
Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, Philadelphia, USA.
Int Angiol. 1995 Sep;14(3 Suppl 1):1-7.
The mechanisms regulating venous tone have an important effect on whether a patient develops the complication on post operative venous thrombosis. In animal studies, venous endothelial damage has been demonstrated in veins remote from the operative wound, and correlated with the amount of operative venodilation. In human studies, operative venodilation has been directly correlated with venographically proven postoperative deep venous thrombosis. Interestingly, operative venodilation and post operative deep venous thrombosis can be avoided with venotonic agents. The mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of venous tone are complex. The venous response is likely a result of a complex interaction of circulating biologically active substances, the endothelium-vascular smooth muscle interaction as well as humoral-endothelial-neurotransmitter balance.
调节静脉张力的机制对患者是否发生术后静脉血栓形成并发症具有重要影响。在动物研究中，已证实在远离手术伤口的静脉中存在静脉内皮损伤，且与手术引起的静脉扩张程度相关。在人体研究中，手术引起的静脉扩张与静脉造影证实的术后深静脉血栓形成直接相关。有趣的是，使用静脉张力调节药物可避免手术引起的静脉扩张和术后深静脉血栓形成。维持静脉张力的机制很复杂。静脉反应可能是循环生物活性物质、内皮-血管平滑肌相互作用以及体液-内皮-神经递质平衡等复杂相互作用的结果。
