Graffeo C S, Counselman F L
Department of Emergency Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1996 Nov;14(4):653-71. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70273-x.
A complete understanding of the anatomy, pathophysiology, and presenting signs and symptoms of appendicitis, combined with a thorough history and physical examination, will be the most important factors in allowing the practicing emergency physician to make the correct diagnosis of acute appendicitis. For patients in which the diagnosis is less clear or for patients in high-risk groups (extremes of age, pregnant women, and immunocompromised patients) additional diagnostic testing, usually US or CT, and early surgical consultation are recommended.
全面了解阑尾炎的解剖结构、病理生理学以及临床表现和症状，再结合详尽的病史和体格检查，将是执业急诊医师正确诊断急性阑尾炎的最重要因素。对于诊断不太明确的患者或高危人群（年龄极端者、孕妇和免疫功能低下患者），建议进行额外的诊断检查，通常是超声或CT检查，并尽早进行外科会诊。
