Vihinen M, Smith C I
Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Crit Rev Immunol. 1996;16(3):251-75. doi: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.v16.i3.20.
Signal transduction in hematopoietic cells is a highly specific process. The stimulation of B cell receptor following antigen binding triggers, as a first step, phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs). Src family tyrosine kinases Blk, Fyn, Lck, and Lyn as well as spleen kinase, Syk, are activated to transmit the signal further. In this review the signaling events are discussed in structural terms. The factors related to B cell maturation and their targeted mutations are reviewed. During the last 2 years plenty of structural information concerning signaling molecules in B cells has been obtained by using X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, molecular modeling, and mutational analysis. The molecules discussed include Src family kinases, Syk, Grb2 adaptor protein, and Tec family kinases Bmx and Btk. The structure, function, and interactions of these signaling compounds are described in atomic detail.
造血细胞中的信号转导是一个高度特异性的过程。抗原结合后B细胞受体的刺激首先触发细胞质中基于免疫受体酪氨酸的激活基序（ITAM）的磷酸化。Src家族酪氨酸激酶Blk、Fyn、Lck和Lyn以及脾激酶Syk被激活以进一步传递信号。在这篇综述中，将从结构角度讨论信号转导事件。回顾了与B细胞成熟相关的因素及其靶向突变。在过去两年中，通过使用X射线晶体学、核磁共振光谱、分子建模和突变分析，获得了大量关于B细胞中信号分子的结构信息。所讨论的分子包括Src家族激酶、Syk、Grb2衔接蛋白以及Tec家族激酶Bmx和Btk。这些信号化合物的结构、功能和相互作用将以原子细节进行描述。
