Luoma K, Järviö M L, Suoniemi I, Hjerppe R T
Government Institute for Economic Research, Helsinki, Finland.
Health Econ. 1996 Sep-Oct;5(5):435-45. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1050(199609)5:5<435::AID-HEC223>3.0.CO;2-Y.
This paper examines the productive efficiency of Finnish health centres by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) and econometric methods. The Tobit model was used in an attempt to find out how various economic, structural and demographic factors affect efficiency. The dependent variable of the model, the coefficient of inefficiency, was obtained by deducting the DEA efficiency score from one. According to the results, a high percentage of funding coming from central government matching grants and high taxable income per inhabitant are significant predictors of inefficiency. The results suggest that more generous resources tend to increase inefficiency since they may lessen incentives for tight cost and performance control. A high share of doctors and a low share of administrative, maintenance and support personnel promote efficiency. A low population share of the elderly and a long distance to the nearest hospital are positively associated with inefficiency.
本文运用数据包络分析（DEA）和计量经济学方法，考察了芬兰健康中心的生产效率。采用Tobit模型来探究各种经济、结构和人口因素是如何影响效率的。模型的因变量——无效率系数，是通过用1减去DEA效率得分得到的。结果显示，来自中央政府配套补助的高比例资金以及高人均应税收入是无效率的显著预测指标。结果表明，更为充裕的资源往往会增加无效率，因为这可能会削弱严格成本控制和绩效控制的激励。医生的高占比以及行政、维护和支持人员的低占比会提高效率。老年人口的低占比以及与最近医院的远距离与无效率呈正相关。
