[低剂量辐射的生物学作用特征]

[The characteristics of the biological action of low doses of irradiation].

作者信息

Burlakova E B, Goloshchapov A N, Gorbunova N V, Gurevich S M, Zhizhina G P, Kozachenko A I, Konradov A A, Korman D B, Molochkina E M, Nagler L G, Ozerova I B, Skalatskaia S I, Smotriaeva M A, Tarasenko O A, Treshchenkova Iu A, Shevchenko V A

出版信息

Radiats Biol Radioecol. 1996 Jul-Aug;36(4):610-31.

PMID:8925034

Abstract

Biochemical, biophysical and functional properties of the genetic and membrane apparatus of the cell were considered activity and regulatory properties of the membrane and cytosolic enzymes of organs and tissues of mice exposed to radiation in the wide range of doses of 6 to 1800 mGy with the radiation intensity of 4.1 x 10(-3) and 41 x 10(-3) mGy/min. It was shown that the dose-dependence of changes in the investigated properties is of non-linear polymodal (bimodal) nature. The value of the maximum and the dose at which the latter was observed depend on the object's nature, radiation intensity and time passed after irradiation. An essential factor is that sensitivity of molecules, cells, organs and animals exposed to low-dose radiation to other damaging effects changes. The explanation is given in terms of the changes in the relation between the quantity of damages and the activity of reparation systems induced by low-dose irradiation.

摘要

研究了细胞遗传和膜系统的生化、生物物理及功能特性，以及在辐射强度分别为4.1×10⁻³和41×10⁻³ mGy/min的6至1800 mGy宽剂量范围内受辐射的小鼠器官和组织的膜及胞质酶的活性和调节特性。结果表明，所研究特性变化的剂量依赖性呈非线性多峰（双峰）性质。最大值及其出现时的剂量值取决于研究对象的性质、辐射强度以及辐照后经过的时间。一个重要因素是，暴露于低剂量辐射的分子、细胞、器官和动物对其他损伤作用的敏感性会发生变化。这可以从低剂量辐照引起的损伤数量与修复系统活性之间关系的变化来解释。