Oshaug A, Helle Bjønnes C, Bugge K H, Bjørge Løken E
Nordic School of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1995 Dec;49(12):883-96.
This paper examines whether diet had changed at platforms in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea between 1985 and 1993 and if this was caused by nutrition promotive activities, including the use of a health handbook (HHB).
The report is based on two cross-sectional surveys, one in 1985 and one in 1993, with special reference to cardiovascular risk. Standardised questionnaires, structured and open interviews were used, incorporating information on food intake and availability, and socioeconomic variables.
The study population was 194 healthy men in 1985 and 336 in 1993. The mean age was 35 years in 1985 (range 18-57) and 38 (range 21-59) in 1993.
From 1985 to 1993 the mean intake of foods and nutrients changed in the same direction as recommended by the Norwegian National Nutrition Council and according to the HHB. The mean energy percentage from fat was 12% lower in 1993 than in 1985. Overall 56% of the workers said they had changed diet since 1985. Those who had changed, consumed more cereals, fruits, more low fat milk, and more fruit juice, and had lower energy percentage from fat, lower intake of dietary cholesterol, more intake of vitamin C and dietary fibre in 1993 than those who had not changed. About 70% of those who had received the HHB had changed their diet, against 50% of those who had not. The use of the HHB was inversely related to intake of energy, energy from fat, and dietary cholesterol, and positively related to vitamin C and dietary fibre.
It is concluded that the dietary changes are likely to be caused by the interventions, including the HHB.
本文研究了1985年至1993年间北海挪威海域平台上的饮食是否发生了变化，以及这是否是由营养促进活动引起的，包括使用健康手册（HHB）。
该报告基于两项横断面调查，一项在1985年，一项在1993年，特别关注心血管风险。使用了标准化问卷、结构化和开放式访谈，纳入了食物摄入和可获得性以及社会经济变量的信息。
1985年的研究人群为194名健康男性，1993年为336名。1985年的平均年龄为35岁（范围18 - 57岁），1993年为38岁（范围21 - 59岁）。
从1985年到1993年，食物和营养素的平均摄入量朝着挪威国家营养委员会推荐的方向以及健康手册所建议的方向发生了变化。1993年来自脂肪的平均能量百分比比1985年低12%。总体而言，56%的工人表示自1985年以来他们改变了饮食。与未改变饮食的人相比，改变饮食的人在1993年食用了更多的谷物、水果、更多的低脂牛奶和更多的果汁，来自脂肪的能量百分比更低，膳食胆固醇摄入量更低，维生素C和膳食纤维摄入量更多。大约70%收到健康手册的人改变了饮食，而未收到的人这一比例为50%。健康手册的使用与能量、来自脂肪的能量以及膳食胆固醇的摄入量呈负相关，与维生素C和膳食纤维呈正相关。
得出的结论是，饮食变化可能是由包括健康手册在内的干预措施引起的。
