Desfemmes-Baleyte T, Mayaud C, Cadranel J
Service de pneumologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
Rev Mal Respir. 1996;13(4):321-5.
The nocardioses are most often due to Nocardia asteroides. Other types of Nocardia may be implicated. These infections may occur in immunocompetent patients and in that situation are most often cutaneous. They occur most frequently in patients whose immunity is depressed by cytotoxic therapy or in the group with AIDS (SIDA). The clinical presentation in these two latter groups are most often pulmonary. Haematological or lymphatic dissemination is seen in approximately one case out of two with preferential involvement of the central nervous system. Currently a recrudescence of these infections is noted. It is important to emphasise that these infections are curable with antibiotic therapy and that the prognosis depends on the rapidity of the diagnosis and the earliness of treatment.
诺卡菌病大多由星形诺卡菌引起。也可能涉及其他类型的诺卡菌。这些感染可发生在免疫功能正常的患者中，在这种情况下最常累及皮肤。它们最常发生在因细胞毒性疗法导致免疫力低下的患者或艾滋病患者群体中。后两组患者的临床表现最常为肺部感染。约半数病例会出现血液或淋巴系统播散，其中中枢神经系统受累较为常见。目前注意到这些感染有复发情况。必须强调的是，这些感染可用抗生素治疗治愈，预后取决于诊断的速度和治疗的及时性。
