Butchart A
University of South Africa Health Psychology Unit, Johannesburg.
Soc Sci Med. 1996 Jan;42(2):185-97. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(95)00085-2.
Derived from a marxist/liberal humanist view of power, conventional critiques of the South African gold mining industry's medical apparatus see only its power to repress and negate the true bodily attributes and authentic person of the African mine worker. In so doing, they ignore the productive capacity of medical practice as a manifestation of what Foucault termed "disciplinary" power, by which the human body is manufactured and made manageable as an object of medical knowledge and industrial utilization. Accordingly, this paper offers just such a Foucaultian reading of South African mining medicine to demonstrate how it has operated to fabricate the bodies of African miners as visible objects possessed of distinct attributes that provoked particular strategies for their surveillance in health and disease.
从马克思主义/自由人文主义的权力观衍生而来，对南非金矿开采业医疗体系的传统批判仅仅看到了它压制和否定非洲矿工真实身体特征与真实人格的权力。这样一来，它们忽视了医疗实践作为福柯所称“规训”权力的一种表现形式所具有的生产能力，通过这种权力，人体被塑造并变得易于管理，成为医学知识和工业利用的对象。因此，本文提供了这样一种对南非矿业医学的福柯式解读，以展示它是如何运作来将非洲矿工的身体塑造为具有独特属性的可见对象，这些属性引发了针对他们在健康和疾病方面的特定监测策略。
