Trovik J, Haram K, Berstad A, Flaatten H
Kvinneklinikken, Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1996 Aug 30;116(20):2442-4.
A severe form of hyperemesis gravidarum involving maternal weight loss greater than 5% of the prepregnant weight occurs in up to 0.1-0.2% of all pregnancies and may lead to retarded foetal growth. Treatment consists of hospitalisation, antiemetics and correction of fluid and electrolyte deficiencies. If severe vomiting and weight loss continues, the mother must receive supplementary nutrition, usually parenteral. Nasoenteral tube feeding is a well documented method of nutrition for other patients. A gastroscopically placed nasojejunal tube as part of the treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum has not been reviewed before. Seven women with severe hyperemesis gravidarum were treated with nasojejunal tube feeding. The tube was positioned gastroscopically. Enteral feeding continued for up to 41 days, leading to reasonable weight gain. The tube was tolerated well by most patients and no serious adverse effects were seen. Nasoenteral nutrition ought to be considered as an alternative to parenteral nutrition for treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum.
妊娠剧吐的一种严重形式，即孕妇体重减轻超过孕前体重的5%，在所有妊娠中发生率高达0.1% - 0.2%，可能导致胎儿生长发育迟缓。治疗方法包括住院、使用止吐药以及纠正液体和电解质缺乏。如果严重呕吐和体重减轻持续存在，母亲必须接受补充营养，通常是肠外营养。鼻肠管喂养是一种已被充分记录的用于其他患者的营养方法。作为妊娠剧吐治疗一部分的经胃镜放置鼻空肠管此前尚未得到评估。七名患有严重妊娠剧吐的女性接受了鼻空肠管喂养治疗。通过胃镜将管子定位。肠内喂养持续长达41天，体重得到合理增加。大多数患者对管子耐受性良好，未观察到严重不良反应。对于妊娠剧吐的治疗，鼻肠营养应被视为肠外营养的替代方法。
