Bond L J, Cimino W W
Center for Acoustics, Mechanics and Materials, University of Colorado at Boulder, USA.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 1996;22(1):101-17. doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(95)02022-5.
Ultrasonic surgical aspirators typically operate at a frequency between 20 and 60 kHz. A vibrating hollow horn moves against the tissue and suction is applied. The interaction causes tissue to fragment; the fragmented material is then aspirated. However, the mechanism of interaction is poorly understood: the most common view relates it to cavitation, probably active in concert with other mechanisms, including the direct jack-hammer effect, shock-induced stress, acoustic microstreaming and shearing stress. It has also been attributed to chopping, which will produce emulsification. This article reports a study that collected and analyzed ultrasonic, high-speed photographic, visual/optical and electrical data for a 23-kHz unit operating in water and a range of fresh pig tissues. The primary mechanism for tissue fragmentation is shown to be horn-tip impact and other mechanical forces, operating in combination with hydrodynamic forces applied to the tissue on the forward stroke in each cycle. No evidence of cavitation in tissue was observed.
超声手术吸引器通常在20至60千赫的频率下运行。一个振动的空心喇叭对着组织移动并施加吸力。这种相互作用会导致组织破碎；破碎的物质随后被吸出。然而，相互作用的机制还不太清楚：最常见的观点认为它与空化有关，可能与其他机制协同作用，包括直接的风镐效应、冲击诱导应力、声微流和剪切应力。它也被归因于切碎，这会产生乳化。本文报道了一项研究，该研究收集并分析了一个在水中和一系列新鲜猪组织中运行的23千赫装置的超声、高速摄影、视觉/光学和电数据。结果表明，组织破碎的主要机制是喇叭尖端的冲击和其他机械力，它们与每个周期向前冲程中施加在组织上的流体动力共同作用。未观察到组织中有空化的迹象。
