Escribá Agüir V, Más Pons R, Colomer Revuelta C
Institut Valencià d'Estudis en Salut Pública (IVESP), Conselleria de Sanitati Consum.
An Esp Pediatr. 1996 May;44(5):437-41.
The objective of this work was to study the influence of working conditions and socio-demographic, personal and social support factors on the duration of breast-feeding. The study population consisted of primiparous or secundiparous women who have had a child in a Valencian public hospital and who have carried out a professional activity during their pregnancy. Information was collected by means of a face-to-face interview in the maternity ward two days after childbirth, a telephone interview five months later and a postal questionnaire one hear after childbirth. A total of 545 surveys were obtained. A simple analysis of the data was carried out. A total of 64% of the mothers reported after one year that they had breast-fed. Seventeen percent breast-fed for one month or less, 13.3% for two months, 24.8% for three months, 12.7% for four months and 32.3% for 5 or more months. The duration of breast-feeding was longer among women over 25 years of age, among secundiparous women and among those who did not return to work after childbirth. It was shorter among those whose maternity leave was shorter and among those whose husbands work without a contract. Therefore, among women who carry-out paid work, the main factor which limits the duration of breast-feeding is the return to work after childbirth. The application of certain measures which favour maintaining breast-feeding (reduction of working day, flexibility in work hours, etc.) should be done so with caution and always with the mother's consent and without this implying a risk for the continuity in work and professional promotion.
这项工作的目的是研究工作条件、社会人口统计学、个人和社会支持因素对母乳喂养持续时间的影响。研究人群包括在瓦伦西亚公立医院生育过孩子且在孕期从事过职业活动的初产妇或经产妇。在产后两天于产科病房进行面对面访谈、五个月后进行电话访谈以及产后一年进行邮寄问卷调查来收集信息。共获得545份调查问卷。对数据进行了简单分析。一年后，共有64%的母亲报告她们进行了母乳喂养。17%的母亲母乳喂养一个月或更短时间，13.3%母乳喂养两个月，24.8%母乳喂养三个月，12.7%母乳喂养四个月，32.3%母乳喂养五个月或更长时间。25岁以上的女性、经产妇以及产后未重返工作岗位的女性母乳喂养持续时间更长。产假较短的女性以及丈夫无合同工作的女性母乳喂养持续时间较短。因此，在从事有偿工作的女性中，限制母乳喂养持续时间的主要因素是产后重返工作岗位。在采取某些有利于维持母乳喂养的措施（缩短工作日、灵活工作时间等）时应谨慎行事，并且始终要征得母亲同意，同时不能对工作连续性和职业晋升造成风险。
