Gallardo Agromayor E, Peña Gómez E, López Rasines G, Ortega García E, Calabia de Diego A, Portillo Martín J A, Martín García B
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, España.
Arch Esp Urol. 1996 Jul-Aug;49(6):622-6.
To analyze the sensitivity and specificity of high resolution ultrasound in testicular tumors.
The study comprised 18 histologically confirmed testicular tumors. Patient ages ranged from 19 to 79 years (mean 41). The ultrasound and the anatomopathological findings were compared.
12 of 18 were primary testicular tumors: 5 classical seminomas, 1 spermatocytic seminoma, 1 anaplastic seminoma, 3 embryonary carcinoma, 1 mixed teratoma and 1 immature teratoma. Ultrasound detected all tumors, accounting for a sensitivity of 100%. All tumors were hypoechoic. Substantial differences were observed between the classical seminomas and the other tumor types: the echo structure was homogeneous in 60% of the classical seminomas vs 50% for the other tumor types; 80% of the former and none of the other tumor types had well- or partially well-defined tumor margins; and finally, cystic or hyperechoic areas were not observed in the classical seminomas but in 30% of the other tumors.
High resolution ultrasound should be performed if testicular tumor is suspected. This technique will confirm or discard this condition and, furthermore, if the ultrasound findings show a solid, hypoechoic lesion, regardless of the degree of definition of the tumor margins, with no cystic or hyperechoic areas, a presumptive diagnosis of classical seminoma can be made.
分析高分辨率超声对睾丸肿瘤的敏感性和特异性。
该研究纳入了18例经组织学确诊的睾丸肿瘤。患者年龄在19至79岁之间（平均41岁）。对超声检查结果与解剖病理学检查结果进行比较。
18例中有12例为原发性睾丸肿瘤：5例经典型精原细胞瘤、1例精母细胞性精原细胞瘤、1例间变性精原细胞瘤、3例胚胎癌、1例混合性畸胎瘤和1例未成熟畸胎瘤。超声检测出了所有肿瘤，敏感性为100%。所有肿瘤均为低回声。经典型精原细胞瘤与其他肿瘤类型之间存在显著差异：60%的经典型精原细胞瘤回声结构均匀，而其他肿瘤类型为50%；前者80%具有清晰或部分清晰的肿瘤边界，而其他肿瘤类型均无；最后，经典型精原细胞瘤未观察到囊性或高回声区域，而其他肿瘤中有30%观察到。
如果怀疑有睾丸肿瘤，应进行高分辨率超声检查。该技术将证实或排除这种情况，此外，如果超声检查结果显示为实性低回声病变，无论肿瘤边界的清晰程度如何，且无囊性或高回声区域，则可作出经典型精原细胞瘤的初步诊断。
