Andersson K, Zhao C M, Chen D, Sundler F, Hâkanson R
Department of Pharmacology, University of Lund, Sölvegatan 10, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden.
Cell Tissue Res. 1996 Dec;286(3):375-84. doi: 10.1007/s004410050707.
The oxyntic mucosa of the mammalian stomach is rich in endocrine cells, such as ECL cells, A-like cells, somatostatin cells, D1/P cells and, in some species, enterochromaffin cells. The various endocrine cell types can be distinguished on the basis of their characteristic cytoplasmic granules and vesicles. The ECL cells contain numerous large secretory vesicles and relatively few, small electron-dense granules and small clear microvesicles. We have suggested that in the rat the ECL cells contain most of the gastric histamine with the secretory vesicles as the major histamine storage site in these cells. alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine is an irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, the histamine-forming enzyme. We have previously shown that this enzyme inhibitor depletes histamine from the ECL cells in the rat and reduces the number of secretory vesicles in the cytoplasm. In the present study, we have examined whether alpha-fluoromethylhistidine affects the ECL cells in other species and whether it affects other types of endocrine cells in the oxyntic mucosa of the rat. Mice, rats and hamsters were treated with the inhibitor (3 mg/kg per h) via minipumps subcutaneously for 24 h. This treatment lowered the oxyntic mucosal histamine concentration by 65-90% and the number and volume density of the secretory vesicles by 85-95% in the ECL cells of the three species examined. In contrast, the number and volume density of granules and microvesicles were not greatly affected. No evidence was found for an effect of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine on A-like cells, somatostatin cells or D1/P cells of the rat stomach, suggesting that, unlike the ECL cells, they do not contain histamine.
哺乳动物胃的泌酸黏膜富含内分泌细胞，如肠嗜铬样细胞（ECL细胞）、A样细胞、生长抑素细胞、D1/P细胞，在某些物种中还含有肠嗜铬细胞。可以根据各种内分泌细胞类型的特征性细胞质颗粒和小泡来区分它们。ECL细胞含有大量大的分泌小泡以及相对较少的、小的电子致密颗粒和小的透明微泡。我们曾提出，在大鼠中，ECL细胞含有胃内大部分组胺，其分泌小泡是这些细胞中组胺的主要储存部位。α-氟甲基组氨酸是组胺形成酶——组氨酸脱羧酶的不可逆抑制剂。我们之前已经表明，这种酶抑制剂会使大鼠ECL细胞中的组胺耗竭，并减少细胞质中分泌小泡的数量。在本研究中，我们研究了α-氟甲基组氨酸是否会影响其他物种的ECL细胞，以及它是否会影响大鼠泌酸黏膜中其他类型的内分泌细胞。通过皮下植入微型泵以每小时3毫克/千克的剂量给小鼠、大鼠和仓鼠注射该抑制剂，持续24小时。这种处理使所检测的三种物种的ECL细胞中泌酸黏膜组胺浓度降低了65% - 90%，分泌小泡的数量和体积密度降低了85% - 95%。相比之下，颗粒和微泡的数量和体积密度没有受到太大影响。未发现α-氟甲基组氨酸对大鼠胃的A样细胞、生长抑素细胞或D1/P细胞有影响的证据，这表明与ECL细胞不同，它们不含组胺。
