Favier R, Caceres E, Koubi H, Sempore B, Sauvain M, Spielvogel H
Instituto Boliviano de Biologia de Altura, La Paz, Bolivia.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1996 Feb;80(2):650-5. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1996.80.2.650.
The effects of coca chewing on prolonged submaximal exercise responses were investigated in chronic coca chewers and compared with a group of nonchewers. At rest, coca chewing during a 1-h period was followed by a significant increase in blood glucose, free fatty acid, and norepinephrine concentrations and a significant reduction in insulin plasma level. During prolonged (1-h) submaximal (65-70% peak O2 uptake) exercise, chewers displayed a significantly greater adrenergic activation (as evidenced by a higher level of plasma epinephrine) and an increased use of fat (as evidenced by a lower respiratory exchange ratio). The gradual increase in oxygen uptake (O2 drift) commonly observed during prolonged exercise was blunted in coca chewers. This blunting in O2 drift is not related to coca-induced changes in ventilatory or lactate responses to exercise but could possible be related to an enhanced glucose utilization by chewers during the late phase of exercise. The present results provide experimental evidence of the physiological effects of coca chewing that could explain the better ability of coca users to sustain strenuous work for an extended period of time.
研究人员对长期咀嚼古柯的人进行了研究，探讨咀嚼古柯对长时间次最大运动反应的影响，并与一组不咀嚼古柯的人进行了比较。在静息状态下，咀嚼1小时古柯后，血糖、游离脂肪酸和去甲肾上腺素浓度显著升高，血浆胰岛素水平显著降低。在长时间（1小时）次最大强度（摄氧量峰值的65 - 70%）运动期间，咀嚼古柯者表现出显著更强的肾上腺素能激活（表现为血浆肾上腺素水平更高）以及脂肪利用增加（表现为更低的呼吸交换率）。在长时间运动过程中常见的摄氧量逐渐增加（氧漂）在咀嚼古柯者中有所减弱。这种氧漂减弱与古柯引起的通气或运动乳酸反应变化无关，但可能与咀嚼古柯者在运动后期葡萄糖利用增强有关。目前的结果为咀嚼古柯的生理效应提供了实验证据，这可以解释古柯使用者能够在更长时间内维持高强度工作的更好能力。
