Vroumsia T, Steiman R, Seigle-Murandi F, Benoit-Guyod J L, Khadrani A
Laboratoire de Botanique, Cryptogamie, Biologie Cellulaire et Génétique, UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Université J. Fourier, Meylan, France.
Chemosphere. 1996 Nov;33(10):2045-56. doi: 10.1016/0045-6535(96)00318-9.
As a part of a study conducted on the fate of xenobiotics in the environment, a selection of 90 strains of micromycetes, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been cultivated in liquid synthetic medium with chlortoluron (100 mg.L-1), diuron (20 mg.L-1), and isoproturon (100 mg.L-1) for 5 days. Evaluation of the chemicals in the culture media was made by HPLC. Our results show a wide variation not only with taxonomic groups but also with the species, and with the tested chemicals. On the whole, 4, 7, and 11% of the strains depleted respectively chlortoluron, diuron, and isoproturon, at 50% or over. Rhizoctonia solani was the only strain that depleted each of the 3 substituted phenylureas over 70%, nevertheless, the growth of this fungus was slightly inhibited by diuron. The very fast disappearance of the chemicals from the culture media was only due to biotic phenomena, as no adsorption occurred on the fungal biomass. So, depletion translated a real biodegradation of the tested substrates.
作为一项关于环境中异生素命运的研究的一部分，选取了90株微真菌菌株，这些菌株大多从土壤中分离得到，属于不同的分类群，在含有绿麦隆（100 mg.L-1）、敌草隆（20 mg.L-1）和异丙隆（100 mg.L-1）的液体合成培养基中培养5天。通过高效液相色谱法对培养基中的化学物质进行评估。我们的结果表明，不仅不同分类群之间存在很大差异，而且不同物种以及不同测试化学物质之间也存在很大差异。总体而言，分别有4%、7%和11%的菌株使绿麦隆、敌草隆和异丙隆的含量降低了50%或更多。立枯丝核菌是唯一一种能使三种取代苯基脲类物质的含量均降低70%以上的菌株，不过，敌草隆对该真菌的生长有轻微抑制作用。培养基中化学物质的快速消失仅归因于生物现象，因为在真菌生物质上未发生吸附。因此，含量降低表明测试底物发生了真正的生物降解。
