Department of Biology, Copenhagen University, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark,
Biodegradation. 2013 Nov;24(6):765-74. doi: 10.1007/s10532-013-9624-7. Epub 2013 Jan 30.
Microbial pesticide degradation studies have until now mainly focused on bacteria, although fungi have also been shown to degrade pesticides. In this study we clarify the background for the ability of the common soil fungus Mortierella to degrade the phenylurea herbicide diuron. Diuron degradation potentials of five Mortierella strains were compared, and the role of carbon and nitrogen for the degradation process was investigated. Results showed that the ability to degrade diuron varied greatly among the Mortierella strains tested, and the strains able to degrade diuron were closely related. Degradation of diuron was fastest in carbon and nitrogen rich media while suboptimal nutrient levels restricted degradation, making it unlikely that Mortierella utilize diuron as carbon or nitrogen sources. Degradation kinetics showed that diuron degradation was followed by formation of the metabolites 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylurea, 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea and an hitherto unknown metabolite suggested to be 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylideneurea.
微生物农药降解研究迄今为止主要集中在细菌上，尽管真菌也被证明可以降解农药。在这项研究中，我们阐明了常见土壤真菌蕈（M）降解苯脲类除草剂敌草隆的能力的背景。比较了五种蕈（M）菌株的敌草隆降解能力，并研究了碳氮对降解过程的作用。结果表明，测试的蕈（M）菌株降解敌草隆的能力差异很大，能够降解敌草隆的菌株密切相关。在富碳氮的培养基中，敌草隆的降解速度最快，而营养水平不足则限制了降解，因此蕈（M）不太可能将敌草隆用作碳源或氮源。降解动力学表明，敌草隆降解后形成代谢物 1-(3,4-二氯苯基）-3-甲基脲、1-(3,4-二氯苯基）脲和一种迄今未知的代谢物，推测为 1-(3,4-二氯苯基）-3-亚甲基脲。
