Girandola R N, Wiswell R A, Mohler J G, Romero G T, Barnes W S
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1977 Aug;43(2):276-9. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1977.43.2.276.
Lung volumes of 20 healthy young men were measured before and after water immersion to the neck level. Immersion resulted in significant decreases (P less than 0.01) in forced vital capacity (FVC) (8.9%), expiratory reserve volume (ERV) (61%), total lung capacity (TLC) (5.6%), and functional residual capacity (FRC) (2.9%). Significant increases were observed in inspiratory capacity (IC) (10%) and residual volume (RV) (6.7%). The increase in RV was attributed to a possible "stiffness" of the lung tissue caused by pulmonary vascular engorgement. Densitometric analysis was made on each subject using hydrostatic weighing techniques. Subsequent calculation of body density and per-cent body fat indicated significant (P less than 0.01) differences when using RV measured on land and in water. Body fat was 14.0% using the land RV in the computation of density and decreased to 13.4% using the RV measured in water. It was concluded that when obtaining body density values. RV should be measured concurrently while the subject is in the water.
对20名健康年轻男性在颈部水平浸入水中前后的肺容量进行了测量。浸入导致用力肺活量（FVC）显著降低（P<0.01）（8.9%）、呼气储备量（ERV）显著降低（61%）、肺总量（TLC）显著降低（5.6%）以及功能残气量（FRC）显著降低（2.9%）。吸气容量（IC）显著增加（10%），残气量（RV）显著增加（6.7%）。RV的增加归因于肺血管充血导致的肺组织可能的“僵硬”。使用静水称重技术对每个受试者进行了密度测定分析。随后计算身体密度和体脂百分比表明，使用陆地上和水中测量的RV时存在显著（P<0.01）差异。在计算密度时，使用陆地RV时体脂为14.0%，使用水中测量的RV时体脂降至13.4%。得出的结论是，在获取身体密度值时，应在受试者处于水中时同时测量RV。
