Heerlein A, Santander J, Richter P
Department of Psychiatry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
Compr Psychiatry. 1996 Nov-Dec;37(6):430-4. doi: 10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90026-7.
This study examines premorbid personality traits from a self-reported and family-reported perspective on a group of unipolar major depression (n = 27), bipolar (n = 21), and schizophrenic (n = 16) recovered inpatients, and a control group (n = 21). Using the Munich Personality Test (MP-T Scales) of von Zerssen for self-reporting and family-reporting personality traits, and the Kischkel scale for the measurement of "intolerance of ambiguity," we found more "rigidity," less "esoteric tendencies," and more "intolerance of ambiguity" among unipolar depressive patients. Schizophrenic patients showed more esoteric tendencies and less "extraversion." Results confirm the hypothesis supported by many authors regarding a particular personality structure in unipolar major depression characterized by rigidity and ambiguity intolerance. This personality pattern for unipolar depressives seems to be different from the depressive personality disorder proposed by DSM-IV. Schizophrenic individuals differ by means of their self- and family-reported extraversion. Clinical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
本研究从自我报告和家庭报告的角度，对一组康复的单相重度抑郁症患者（n = 27）、双相情感障碍患者（n = 21）、精神分裂症患者（n = 16）以及一个对照组（n = 21）的病前人格特质进行了研究。使用冯·泽尔森的慕尼黑人格测试（MP - T量表）来自我报告和家庭报告人格特质，并使用基施克尔量表来测量“对模糊性的不容忍”，我们发现单相抑郁患者中存在更多的“僵化”、更少的“神秘主义倾向”以及更多的“对模糊性的不容忍”。精神分裂症患者表现出更多的神秘主义倾向和更少的“外向性”。结果证实了许多作者支持的关于单相重度抑郁症中以僵化和对模糊性不容忍为特征的特定人格结构的假设。单相抑郁症患者的这种人格模式似乎与《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM - IV）提出的抑郁性人格障碍不同。精神分裂症患者在自我报告和家庭报告的外向性方面存在差异。讨论了这些发现的临床和理论意义。
