Kashani J H, Nair S S, Rao V G, Nair J, Reid J C
Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 May;35(5):640-5. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199605000-00019.
This study identified critical factors from a set of psychiatric diagnoses, personality traits, and family and social support variables that relate to hopelessness in adolescents.
One hundred fifty adolescents were selected in a systematic sample from 1,700 high school students; they completed the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory, the Parental Bonding Questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire, the Hopelessness Scale for Children and were interviewed by trained clinicians on the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents. Selected variables were chosen for a back-propagation neural network model and for subsequent sensitivity and statistical analysis.
Sensitive adolescents and adolescents with less impulse control scored high on hopelessness. Forceful adolescents were less hopeless.
Using the neural network models, the authors suggest that assertive training as well as group activities that increase cooperativeness may ameliorate hopelessness.
本研究从一系列与青少年绝望感相关的精神疾病诊断、人格特质以及家庭和社会支持变量中识别出关键因素。
从1700名高中生中系统抽取150名青少年；他们完成了米隆青少年人格量表、父母养育方式问卷、社会支持问卷、儿童绝望量表，并由训练有素的临床医生就儿童青少年诊断访谈进行访谈。选择变量用于反向传播神经网络模型以及后续的敏感性和统计分析。
敏感的青少年以及冲动控制能力较差的青少年绝望感得分较高。有主见的青少年绝望感较低。
作者使用神经网络模型表明，自信训练以及增加合作性的团体活动可能会改善绝望感。
