Abbott P J
Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
Am Indian Alsk Nativ Ment Health Res (1987). 1996;7(2):1-13. doi: 10.5820/aian.0702.1996.1.
Alcohol beverages prior to White contact originated with the Mayan and the Aztec Nations and spread to the American Indians of the Southwest. Surprisingly, there are a number of accounts of alcohol use among other American Indians and Alaska Natives. Beverages were limited to wine and beer, and included: balche, pulque, and "haren a pitahaya" wines, tulpi beer and other beverages. White contact brought dramatic shifts in the use and function of alcoholic beverages in American Indian and Alaska Native societies.
白人接触美洲原住民之前,酒精饮料起源于玛雅和阿兹特克民族,并传播到西南部的美洲印第安人。令人惊讶的是,还有许多关于其他美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民饮酒的记载。饮料仅限于葡萄酒和啤酒,包括:巴尔切酒、龙舌兰酒和“火龙果酒”、图尔皮啤酒及其他饮料。白人的接触给美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民社会中酒精饮料的使用和功能带来了巨大变化。