Gans J S
Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Int J Group Psychother. 1996 Apr;46(2):209-28. doi: 10.1080/00207284.1996.11491495.
Indirect Communication (IC) is a leadership technique designed for those situations in which the leader must respond immediately but doing so directly might be a clinical mistake. As defined in this report, IC refers to times when the leader addresses someone by speaking about that person to someone else or by thinking aloud while speaking to no one in particular. The author distinguishes IC from other modes of indirect communication. Pitfalls of direct communication and ways in which IC avoids them and provides therapeutic alternatives are discussed. The leader's use of IC helps achieve two major goals: (1) the creation of an enlarged work space, safe enough for patients to express their more irrational and distressing feelings, and (2) the therapeutic handling of these uncivilized parts of each member as they emerge. Several clinical examples are presented. Misuses of IC are discussed.
间接沟通（IC）是一种领导技巧，适用于领导者必须立即做出回应，但直接回应可能会犯临床错误的情况。如本报告所定义，IC指的是领导者通过对他人谈论某个人或在未针对特定对象发言时自言自语来称呼某人的情况。作者将IC与其他间接沟通方式区分开来。讨论了直接沟通的陷阱以及IC避免这些陷阱并提供治疗替代方案的方式。领导者使用IC有助于实现两个主要目标：（1）创造一个足够安全的扩大工作空间，让患者能够表达更不合理和痛苦的感受；（2）在每个成员出现这些不文明部分时进行治疗处理。文中给出了几个临床实例。还讨论了IC的滥用情况。
