Jones M, Nies M A
Mid-South Pulmonary Specialists, Memphis, Tennessee.
Public Health Nurs. 1996 Apr;13(2):151-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.1996.tb00233.x.
The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the perceived benefits of and barriers to exercise of a convenience sample of older African American women in senior citizen centers in an urban area in the mid-South. This descriptive study utilized a convenience sample of older African American women over 60 years of age and examined the relationship among their current exercise levels, their perceptions regarding the importance of exercise, and the benefits of and barriers to engaging in regular exercise. The level of exercise was measured using the Exercise scale of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), the perceptions of the importance of exercise were measured by a Cantril ladder, and the benefits of and barriers to exercise were measured by the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS) and one open-ended question on perceived barriers. A significant relationship was found between reported exercise levels and perceived benefits of and barriers to exercise (p < 0.001). Benefits most cited by participants reflected those categorized as life enhancing. Barriers cited most often related to exercise accessibility and availability. Results of this study support the need for community-based exercise programs for specific populations. Nursing interventions are needed that help women in general and African American women in particular to adopt exercise as a daily health-promotive activity.
这项描述性研究的目的是确定美国南方城市地区老年非裔美国女性便利样本在老年活动中心锻炼时所感知到的益处和障碍。这项描述性研究采用了60岁以上老年非裔美国女性的便利样本，考察了她们当前的锻炼水平、对锻炼重要性的认知，以及定期锻炼的益处和障碍之间的关系。锻炼水平使用健康促进生活方式量表（HPLP）中的锻炼量表进行测量，对锻炼重要性的认知通过坎特里尔阶梯量表进行测量，锻炼的益处和障碍通过锻炼益处/障碍量表（EBBS）以及一个关于感知障碍的开放式问题进行测量。研究发现，报告的锻炼水平与锻炼的感知益处和障碍之间存在显著关系（p < 0.001）。参与者提及最多的益处反映在那些被归类为提升生活质量的方面。提及最多的障碍与锻炼的可及性和可得性有关。本研究结果支持针对特定人群开展基于社区的锻炼项目的必要性。需要采取护理干预措施，帮助一般女性，尤其是非裔美国女性将锻炼作为日常的健康促进活动。
