Imai K, Suzuki T, Kumasaka H, Kurosawa I, Kurihara J, Machida M, Makino T, Kiren H, Sato J, Yamanaka H
Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 1996 Oct;87(10):1191-6. doi: 10.5980/jpnjurol1989.87.1191.
The age eligibility for the mass screening (MS) for prostate cancer was investigated.
This study was performed in subjects examined by MS from 1981 to 1994 in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. MS was performed by digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostatic acid phosphatase from 1981 to 1991, and by DRE, transrectal ultrasonography and prostate specific antigen from 1992 to 1994.
It was demonstrated that the prostate cancer detection rate was affected by the ratio of subjects newly and previously examined, the age distribution in the group examined and the diagnostic modality. It was also demonstrated that the detection rate of early stage prostate cancer was also affected by the age distribution and the diagnostic modality. The effective detection rate was determined on the assumption that the purpose of MS is the detection of the subjects who have the indication for the radical prostatectomy, and the effective detection rate was calculated in the range from 50 to 69 years for age eligibility, and B and C for clinical stage. It was estimated that effective detection rate was 0.37 to 0.61%. They were higher than the detection rate of MS for other organ cancers.
The eligibility is 50 to 69 years. If subjects in the range of 70 to 74 are included in this project, it is necessary to make an effort practice a subject-education about the prostate cancer natural history and the radical prostatectomy indication.
对前列腺癌群体筛查的年龄适宜性进行了调查。
本研究在1981年至1994年于日本群马县接受群体筛查的受试者中进行。1981年至1991年，群体筛查通过直肠指检（DRE）和前列腺酸性磷酸酶进行，1992年至1994年则通过DRE、经直肠超声检查和前列腺特异性抗原进行。
结果表明，前列腺癌检出率受新检查和既往检查受试者的比例、受检群体的年龄分布以及诊断方式的影响。还表明，早期前列腺癌的检出率也受年龄分布和诊断方式的影响。假设群体筛查的目的是检测有前列腺癌根治术指征的受试者，据此确定有效检出率，并计算出年龄适宜范围为50至69岁、临床分期为B和C期时的有效检出率。估计有效检出率为0.37%至0.61%。这些比率高于其他器官癌症的群体筛查检出率。
适宜年龄为50至69岁。如果将70至74岁的受试者纳入该项目，则有必要努力开展关于前列腺癌自然史和前列腺癌根治术指征的受试者教育。
