Bischoff R, Thorburn M J, Reitmaier P
Institute of Tropical Hygiene and Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Child Care Health Dev. 1996 Nov;22(6):397-410.
In Jamaica, a low degree of practical helpfulness of neighbours of families with a disabled child has been described. This seems to cast doubt on the World Health Organization's concept of community-based rehabilitation which simply assumes that the community is a source of support. Our study tries to elucidate which reasons, in a Jamaican socio-cultural setting, make neighbours give support to or withhold it from disabled children and their caregivers. A concept of neighbourhood help is identified, according to which help is something to be asked for and provided under exceptional circumstances only. Caregivers claim to give and receive support in child rearing within the limits of this definition, generally irrespective of the presence of a disability. The impression that neighbours are unconcerned can arise when the support needed becomes too extensive to fit into the local definition of neighbourhood help--which is more likely in the case of disabled children.
在牙买加，有描述称残疾儿童家庭的邻居实际提供的帮助程度较低。这似乎对世界卫生组织基于社区的康复理念提出了质疑，该理念简单地假定社区是一个支持来源。我们的研究试图阐明，在牙买加的社会文化背景下，哪些原因导致邻居对残疾儿童及其照顾者给予支持或不予支持。我们确定了一种邻里帮助的概念，据此，帮助是一种只有在特殊情况下才会被请求并提供的东西。照顾者声称，在这个定义的范围内，他们在抚养孩子方面给予并接受支持，通常与孩子是否残疾无关。当所需的支持变得过于广泛，不符合当地对邻里帮助的定义时，就会产生邻居漠不关心的印象——残疾儿童的情况更可能如此。
