Mattson R H
Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Epilepsia. 1996;37 Suppl 6:S45-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb06039.x.
Epilepsy is common in individuals who are mentally retarded and/or otherwise multiply handicapped. These patients often display several seizure types. Seizure control may be difficult and drug interactions common because of polytherapy. Cognitive, behavioral, affective, and motor problems in these patients often confound accurate diagnosis and effective management. Treatment often requires not only antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) but also psychoactive drugs and/or environmental and personal support. To minimize unwanted drug effects, therapeutic strategies should focus on the administration of the fewest possible drugs at the lowest effective dose. The new AEDs may be of special value at times in these populations because they offer potential for improved efficacy, but especially because many of them provide better safety profiles and fewer pharmacokinetic interactions with other drugs.
癫痫在智力迟钝和/或有其他多种障碍的个体中很常见。这些患者常常表现出几种发作类型。由于采用多种药物治疗，控制癫痫发作可能很困难，药物相互作用也很常见。这些患者的认知、行为、情感和运动问题常常使准确诊断和有效管理变得复杂。治疗通常不仅需要抗癫痫药物（AEDs），还需要精神活性药物和/或环境及个人支持。为了将不必要的药物副作用降至最低，治疗策略应侧重于以最低有效剂量使用尽可能少的药物。新型抗癫痫药物有时在这些人群中可能具有特殊价值，因为它们有可能提高疗效，但特别是因为它们中的许多药物具有更好的安全性，并且与其他药物的药代动力学相互作用较少。
