Roorda A, Bobier W R
School of Optometry, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1996 Oct;67(10):610-8.
Current literature describing retinoscopy does not provide a full description of the pupil reflexes observed in retinoscopy or of the effects of monochromatic aberrations. The intent of the study was to develop a geometrical model of retinoscopy that provides a more complete analysis. The model can take specific aberrations and predict the succession of reflexes observed in retinoscopy for an eye with these aberrations.
Theoretical predictions were compared with observations using a hand-held streak retinoscope. CCD-based retinoscopy was performed on subjects with known aberrations.
Reflexes observed in retinoscopy can be computed by modeling a light source whose eccentricity from the retinoscope sight-hole is varying in position. Results from study calculations show that the succession of reflexes observed in retinoscopy can be thought of as a measure of the transverse aberration of the eye. Both qualitative and quantitative measures showed agreement between theoretical and experimental results. Transverse aberration of the eye can be observed and measured using retinoscopy.
Monochromatic aberrations have significant and predictable effects on retinoscopy. The best way for a retinoscopist to avoid such aberrations and provide a proper refraction is to neutralize the reflex across the largest visual zone possible and ignore the reflex motion at the edges of the pupil.
目前描述检影验光的文献并未全面描述检影验光中观察到的瞳孔反射，也未提及单色像差的影响。本研究的目的是建立一个检影验光的几何模型，以提供更全面的分析。该模型可以考虑特定像差，并预测存在这些像差的眼睛在检影验光中观察到的反射序列。
将理论预测结果与使用手持带状检眼镜的观察结果进行比较。对已知像差的受试者进行基于电荷耦合器件（CCD）的检影验光。
检影验光中观察到的反射可以通过对一个光源进行建模来计算，该光源相对于检眼镜观察孔的偏心度在位置上是变化的。研究计算结果表明，检影验光中观察到的反射序列可以被视为眼睛横向像差的一种度量。定性和定量测量结果均显示理论与实验结果一致。眼睛的横向像差可以通过检影验光进行观察和测量。
单色像差对检影验光有显著且可预测的影响。检影验光师避免此类像差并进行正确验光的最佳方法是在尽可能大的视觉区域内中和反射，并忽略瞳孔边缘的反射运动。
