Jumaa P, Wren B, Tabaqchali S
Department of Medical Microbiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, London, UK.
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Nov;8(11):1035-40. doi: 10.1097/00042737-199611000-00002.
Clostridium difficile is now established as the most common nosocomial enteric pathogen causing pseudomembranous colitis, antibiotic-associated colitis and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Antibiotic therapy is the most important risk factor in colonization and infection with C. difficile. However, other factors are involved such as age and underlying illness. The introduction of reliable typing and fingerprinting methods has demonstrated hospital acquisition and cross-infection with C. difficile and has been important in improving our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of C. difficile.
艰难梭菌现已被确认为引起假膜性结肠炎、抗生素相关性结肠炎和抗生素相关性腹泻的最常见医院内肠道病原体。抗生素治疗是艰难梭菌定植和感染的最重要危险因素。然而，其他因素也有影响，如年龄和基础疾病。可靠的分型和指纹识别方法的引入已证实艰难梭菌可在医院内获得并发生交叉感染，这对于增进我们对艰难梭菌流行病学和致病性的理解具有重要意义。
