Surai P F, Noble R C, Speake B K
Department of Biochemical Sciences, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, UK.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996 Nov 11;1304(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/s0005-2760(96)00099-9.
The purpose of this study was to determine the tissue-specific acquisition of antioxidant capacity during chick embryo development and to assess the effectiveness of this process in the prevention of lipid peroxidation. The transfer of alpha-tocopherol, carotenoids and ascorbic acid from the yolk/yolk sac membrane (YSM) to the developing chick embryo and the distribution of these antioxidant compounds between the embryonic tissues were investigated. The concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and carotenoids in the yolk decreased between day 15 of development and hatching at day 21, concomitant with an increase in the levels of these antioxidants in the YSM. The concentration of both these lipid-soluble antioxidants in the liver increased dramatically between day 18 of embryonic development and day 1 after hatching. The adipose tissue content of alpha-tocopherol also increased markedly during the late embryonic/early neonatal period. However, the levels of alpha-tocopherol in the liver were far higher than in any other tissue with particularly low levels observed for the brain. Also, carotenoids were undetectable in the developing brain. Ascorbic acid was not present in the initial yolk but high levels of this water-soluble antioxidant were detected in the YSM, particularly at the early stages of development. The concentration of ascorbic acid in the embryonic brain was far higher than in any other tissue. Homogenates of brain tissue were extremely susceptible to lipid peroxidation during incubation in vitro whereas extracts of liver, yolk and YSM were relatively resistant to lipid peroxidation, particularly in the absence of exogenous Fe2+.
本研究的目的是确定鸡胚发育过程中抗氧化能力的组织特异性获得情况，并评估该过程在预防脂质过氧化方面的有效性。研究了α-生育酚、类胡萝卜素和抗坏血酸从卵黄/卵黄囊膜（YSM）向发育中的鸡胚的转移以及这些抗氧化化合物在胚胎组织之间的分布。在发育的第15天到第21天孵化期间，卵黄中α-生育酚和类胡萝卜素的浓度降低，同时YSM中这些抗氧化剂的水平增加。在胚胎发育的第18天到孵化后第1天，肝脏中这两种脂溶性抗氧化剂的浓度急剧增加。在胚胎后期/新生儿早期，脂肪组织中α-生育酚的含量也显著增加。然而，肝脏中α-生育酚的水平远高于任何其他组织，大脑中的水平尤其低。此外，在发育中的大脑中未检测到类胡萝卜素。初始卵黄中不存在抗坏血酸，但在YSM中检测到高水平的这种水溶性抗氧化剂，尤其是在发育早期。胚胎大脑中抗坏血酸的浓度远高于任何其他组织。在体外孵育期间，脑组织匀浆极易发生脂质过氧化，而肝脏、卵黄和YSM的提取物对脂质过氧化相对具有抗性，尤其是在没有外源Fe2+的情况下。
