Thompson R H, Canteras N S, Swanson L W
Program for Neural, Informational, and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089-2520, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 1996 Dec 2;376(1):143-73. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19961202)376:1<143::AID-CNE9>3.0.CO;2-3.
The axonal projections of the dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus were investigated by using Phaseolous vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. The main conclusion of this work is that these projections are largely intrahypothalamic, with smaller components directed toward the brainstem and telencephalon. Although the intrahypothalamic pathways are very complex and intermix at various levels, we conclude that dorsomedial nucleus outputs follow three distinct ascending pathways: periventricular, coursing through the hypothalamic periventricular zone; ventral, traveling beneath the medial zone; and lateral, ascending in medial parts of the lateral hypothalamic area. Within the hypothalamus, the most densely innervated areas are the paraventricular nucleus, other dorsal regions of the periventricular zone, the preoptic suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the parastrial nucleus. Other significant terminal fields include the median preoptic, anteroventral periventricular, lateral part of the medial preoptic, and anteroventral preoptic nuclei; and the retrochiasmatic (including perisuprachiasmatic) area. Descending projections follow two pathways that also converge at various levels: a dorsal pathway in the midbrain periventricular system travels through, and primarily innervates, the periaqueductal and pontine gray, and a ventral pathway extends through ventromedial regions of the brainstem. Although sparse, fibers in the later pathway can be traced as far caudally as the nucleus of the solitary tract. The results are discussed relative to the pathways and properties of nearby hypothalamic medial zone nuclei. Dorsomedial nucleus projections are similar to certain other nuclei (e.g., anteroventral periventricular and parastrial) with predominantly intrahypothalamic projections, and different from those arising in the medial zone nuclei (medial preoptic, anterior hypothalamic, ventromedial, and mammillary.
采用菜豆白细胞凝集素对下丘脑背内侧核的轴突投射进行了研究。这项研究的主要结论是，这些投射大多在下丘脑内，只有较小部分投射至脑干和端脑。尽管下丘脑内的通路非常复杂且在不同水平相互交织，但我们得出结论，背内侧核的输出遵循三条不同的上行通路：室周通路，穿过下丘脑室周区；腹侧通路，在内侧区下方走行；外侧通路，在下丘脑外侧区的内侧部分上行。在下丘脑内，神经支配最密集的区域是室旁核、室周区的其他背侧区域、视前交叉上核和旁星形核。其他重要的终末场包括视前正中核、室周前腹侧核、视前内侧核的外侧部分和视前腹侧前核；以及视交叉后（包括视交叉上核周围）区域。下行投射遵循两条也在不同水平汇聚的通路：中脑室周系统中的一条背侧通路穿过导水管周围和脑桥灰质并主要支配这些区域，一条腹侧通路延伸穿过脑干的腹内侧区域。尽管腹侧通路中的纤维稀少，但可追踪至尾侧的孤束核。结合附近下丘脑内侧区核团的通路和特性对结果进行了讨论。背内侧核的投射与某些其他主要有下丘脑内投射的核团（如室周前腹侧核和旁星形核）相似，与内侧区核团（视前内侧核、下丘脑前核、腹内侧核和乳头体核）发出的投射不同。
