Twibell R S, Wieseke A W, Marine M, Schoger J
Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 1996 Sep-Oct;15(5):245-53. doi: 10.1097/00003465-199609000-00002.
Although testing of physiologic nursing diagnoses has occurred, critical care nurses have not validated the defining characteristics of the diagnoses, Spiritual Distress and Ineffective Individual Coping. This research report describes how critical care nurses rated the defining characteristics of these diagnoses. Specific strategies are given to assist nurses in recognizing the defining characteristics so that they can effectively intervene in the spiritual and coping needs of patients, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.
尽管对生理护理诊断进行了测试，但重症护理护士尚未验证“精神困扰”和“个体应对无效”这两种诊断的定义特征。本研究报告描述了重症护理护士如何对这些诊断的定义特征进行评级。文中给出了具体策略，以帮助护士识别这些定义特征，从而能够有效干预患者的精神需求和应对需求，进而改善患者的治疗效果。
