Silverstein S M, Matteson S, Knight R A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 1996 Nov;105(4):663-7. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.105.4.663.
Perceptual organization of auditory information is influenced by both the physical characteristics and the categorization of irrelevant information. This study sought to determine the degree to which schizophrenia patients could utilize acoustic properties and contextual cues (top-down factors) to segregate relevant from irrelevant material in an auditory stream. On a modification of I. Neath, A. M. Surprenant, and R. G. Crowder's (1993) auditory suffix task, both schizophrenia and control participants demonstrated better recall of relevant information when irrelevant information had different physical characteristics, compared with when both arose from the same source. In contrast, schizophrenia patients were unaffected by a contextual manipulation that allowed controls to reduce the interfering effect of an irrelevant stimulus. These data suggest that a reduced ability to utilize contextual information plays a role in the perceptual organization dysfunction in schizophrenia.
听觉信息的知觉组织受到物理特征和无关信息分类的影响。本研究旨在确定精神分裂症患者在多大程度上能够利用声学特性和情境线索（自上而下的因素）来区分听觉流中的相关信息和无关信息。在对I. Neath、A. M. Surprenant和R. G. Crowder（1993）的听觉后缀任务进行修改后，与无关信息都来自同一来源时相比，当无关信息具有不同的物理特征时，精神分裂症患者和对照组参与者对相关信息的回忆都更好。相比之下，一种情境操纵使对照组能够减少无关刺激的干扰效应，但对精神分裂症患者没有影响。这些数据表明，利用情境信息的能力下降在精神分裂症的知觉组织功能障碍中起作用。
