Sakuma M, Hoff A L, DeLisi L E
Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York at Stony Brook 11794-8101, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 1996 Nov 1;65(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(96)02818-1.
Previous accounts of cerebral dominance in schizophrenic patients have been conflicting. While many studies report decreased patterns of functional laterality in schizophrenic subjects, others report increases or no differences. Conceptual differences in the definition of laterality and its effects on behavior may be a reason for the poor concordance among studies. The present report addresses some of these problems and examines the hypothesis that schizophrenia may be associated with an alteration in normal patterns of functional laterality. In addition, the relationship between patterns of laterality and cognitive functioning was assessed. Twenty-one schizophrenic patients and 24 control subjects, all right-handed, were compared on two neuropsychological batteries, one designed to test cerebral dominance and the other, cognitive performance. Cerebral dominance was measured by two dichotic listening tests (verbal and nonverbal) and three motoric tests. Cognitive ability was assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Schizophrenic and control subjects differed significantly in performance on laterality measures, but they did not differ in patterns of functional laterality when performance was taken into account. In addition, it was shown that the relationship between cognitive ability and laterality is complex, with some aspects of laterality appearing to be beneficial to cognitive ability.
先前关于精神分裂症患者大脑优势的描述相互矛盾。虽然许多研究报告称精神分裂症患者的功能偏侧性模式有所减少，但其他研究报告称有所增加或没有差异。偏侧性定义及其对行为影响的概念差异可能是研究结果缺乏一致性的一个原因。本报告解决了其中一些问题，并检验了精神分裂症可能与正常功能偏侧性模式改变有关的假设。此外，还评估了偏侧性模式与认知功能之间的关系。对21名精神分裂症患者和24名对照受试者（均为右利手）进行了两项神经心理测试，一项旨在测试大脑优势，另一项测试认知表现。通过两项双耳分听测试（言语和非言语）和三项运动测试来测量大脑优势。用一套综合神经心理测试来评估认知能力。精神分裂症患者和对照受试者在偏侧性测量的表现上有显著差异，但在考虑表现因素时，他们在功能偏侧性模式上没有差异。此外，研究表明认知能力与偏侧性之间的关系很复杂，偏侧性的某些方面似乎对认知能力有益。
