Landolt H P, Dijk D J, Achermann P, Borbély A A
Institute of Pharmacology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
Brain Res. 1996 Nov 4;738(2):205-12. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(96)00770-6.
The effect of age on sleep and the sleep EEG was investigated in middle-aged men (mean age: 62.0 years) and in young men (mean age: 22.4 years). Even though the older men reported a higher number of nocturnal awakenings, subjective sleep quality did not differ. Total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and slow wave sleep were lower in the middle-aged, while stage 1 and wakefulness after sleep onset were higher. The differences in wakefulness within nonREM-REM sleep cycles was most pronounced in the third and fourth cycle. In the older men, EEG power density in nonREM sleep was reduced in frequencies below 14.0 Hz, whereas in REM sleep age-related reductions were limited to he delta-theta (0.25-7.0 Hz) and low alpha (8.25-10.0 Hz) band. Slow-wave activity (SWA, power density in the 0.75-4.5 Hz range) decreased in the course of sleep in both age groups. The between-group difference in SWA diminished in the course of sleep, whereas the difference in activity in the frequency range of sleep spindles (12.25-14.0 Hz) increased. It is concluded that frequency and state specific changes occur as a function of age, and that sleep dependent decline in SWA and increase in sleep spindle activity are attenuated with age.
研究了年龄对中年男性（平均年龄：62.0岁）和青年男性（平均年龄：22.4岁）睡眠及睡眠脑电图的影响。尽管老年男性报告夜间觉醒次数较多，但主观睡眠质量并无差异。中年男性的总睡眠时间、睡眠效率和慢波睡眠较少，而第1阶段睡眠和睡眠开始后的觉醒时间较多。非快速眼动-快速眼动睡眠周期中的觉醒差异在第3和第4个周期最为明显。在老年男性中，非快速眼动睡眠中低于14.0赫兹频率的脑电图功率密度降低，而在快速眼动睡眠中，与年龄相关的降低仅限于δ-θ（0.25-7.0赫兹）和低α（8.25-10.0赫兹）频段。两个年龄组的慢波活动（SWA，0.75-4.5赫兹范围内的功率密度）在睡眠过程中均下降。睡眠过程中，两组之间SWA的差异减小，而睡眠纺锤波频率范围（12.25-14.0赫兹）的活动差异增大。研究得出结论，频率和状态特异性变化随年龄而发生，且随着年龄增长，睡眠依赖性SWA下降和睡眠纺锤波活动增加的现象减弱。
