Robinson P G, Sheiham A, Challacombe S J, Zakrzewska J M
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, London, UK.
Oral Dis. 1996 Mar;2(1):45-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.1996.tb00202.x.
Identify types, prevalence and severity of periodontal changes associated with HIV infection.
Cross-sectional controlled blinded study.
Open access genito-urinary medicine clinic.
Convenience sample of 794 homosexual men aged 18-65.
Prevalence, extent and severity of probing attachment loss (PAL), pocketing, gingival ulceration, gingivitis, bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival red bands and diffuse and punctate erythema of the attached gingiva (selected a priori).
Prevalences in men with (n = 312) and without HIV (n = 260) were: PAL (> or = 1 site > or = 4mm), 59.6% and 28.5% respectively (P < 0.001, chi 2); pocketing (> or = 1 site > or = 4mm) 51.0% and 31.9% (P < 0.001); BOP, 96.5% and 92.3% (P = 0.038); gingival ulceration, 3.2% and 1.0% (P = 0.031), red banding, 12.2% and 10.0% (P = 0.410); diffuse erythema, 12.5% and 3.1% (P < 0.001) and punctate erythema, 9.6% and 1.1% (P < 0.001). Decreased CD4 lymphocyte counts predicted the presence, extent and severity of PAL (P = 0.023, 0.027 and 0.060) but not pocketing. Oral candidiasis predicted the extent and severity of gingivitis and the presence of diffuse and punctate erythema. (P = 0.037, 0.011, 0.002 and < 0.001).
Destruction of periodontal attachment is associated with progression of HIV disease whereas pocketing is associated with HIV infection but not disease progression. Gingival ulceration is associated with HIV but gingivitis and erythema of the attached gingiva are most strongly associated with oral candidiasis. Gingival red bands were not associated with HIV infection.
确定与HIV感染相关的牙周改变的类型、患病率及严重程度。
横断面对照盲法研究。
开放式泌尿生殖医学诊所。
794名年龄在18 - 65岁的同性恋男性的便利样本。
探诊附着丧失（PAL）、牙周袋形成、牙龈溃疡、牙龈炎、探诊出血（BOP）、牙龈红色带以及附着龈的弥漫性和点状红斑的患病率、范围及严重程度（预先选定）。
HIV阳性男性（n = 312）和HIV阴性男性（n = 260）的患病率分别为：PAL（≥1个位点≥4mm），分别为59.6%和28.5%（P < 0.001，卡方检验）；牙周袋形成（≥1个位点≥4mm），分别为51.0%和31.9%（P < 0.001）；BOP，分别为96.5%和92.3%（P = 0.038）；牙龈溃疡，分别为3.2%和1.0%（P = 0.031）；红色带，分别为12.2%和10.0%（P = 0.410）；弥漫性红斑，分别为12.5%和3.1%（P < 0.001）；点状红斑，分别为9.6%和1.1%（P < 0.001）。CD4淋巴细胞计数降低预示着PAL的存在、范围及严重程度（P = 0.023、0.027和0.060），但与牙周袋形成无关。口腔念珠菌病预示着牙龈炎的范围及严重程度以及弥漫性和点状红斑的存在（P = 0.037、0.011、0.002和< 0.001）。
牙周附着破坏与HIV疾病进展相关，而牙周袋形成与HIV感染相关，但与疾病进展无关。牙龈溃疡与HIV相关，而牙龈炎和附着龈红斑与口腔念珠菌病关联最为密切。牙龈红色带与HIV感染无关。
