Bridges R B, Anderson J W, Saxe S R, Gregory K, Bridges S R
Department of Oral Health Science, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
J Periodontol. 1996 Nov;67(11):1185-92. doi: 10.1902/jop.1996.67.11.1185.
Periodontal disease is more prevalent and more severe in diabetic than in non-diabetic individuals but the magnitude of this increase is still being debated. This prospective, cross-sectional study compared the periodontal status of 118 diabetic men and 115 age-matched non-diabetic men. Plaque and gingival indices, bleeding scores, probing depth, loss of attachment, and number of missing teeth were measured in a blinded manner. Smoking status, glycemic control, socioeconomic status, and previous dental care were also assessed. These parameters were significantly higher in diabetic than non-diabetic men: plaque index, P < 0.0001; gingival index, P < 0.0002; bleeding score, P < 0.0001; probing depth, P = 0.0059; loss of attachment, P < 0.0001; and missing teeth, P < 0.005. These parameters were significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers: gingival index, probing depth, and loss of attachment. The duration of diabetes was not significantly related to the periodontal measures. Glycemic control as assessed by fasting plasma glucose and glycohemoglobin values was not significantly correlated to periodontal status. These studies indicate, for this study group, that diabetes significantly affects all measured parameters of periodontal status.
与非糖尿病个体相比，牙周病在糖尿病患者中更为普遍且更为严重，但这种增加的幅度仍存在争议。这项前瞻性横断面研究比较了118名糖尿病男性和115名年龄匹配的非糖尿病男性的牙周状况。以盲法测量菌斑和牙龈指数、出血分数、探诊深度、附着丧失和缺失牙数量。还评估了吸烟状况、血糖控制、社会经济状况和既往牙科护理情况。这些参数在糖尿病男性中显著高于非糖尿病男性：菌斑指数，P<0.0001；牙龈指数，P<0.0002；出血分数，P<0.0001；探诊深度，P=0.0059；附着丧失，P<0.0001；以及缺失牙，P<0.005。吸烟者的这些参数显著高于非吸烟者：牙龈指数、探诊深度和附着丧失。糖尿病病程与牙周测量指标无显著相关性。通过空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白值评估的血糖控制与牙周状况无显著相关性。对于该研究组而言，这些研究表明糖尿病显著影响牙周状况的所有测量参数。
