Wilton R N, Mathieson P
Department of Psychology, University of Dundee, U.K.
Q J Exp Psychol A. 1996 Nov;49(4):888-900. doi: 10.1080/713755664.
Previous experiments designed to investigate the effects of interactive imagery in paired associate learning have included the confounded variable of intralist similarity: Images of objects interacting have corresponded to pairs with different connectives, and images of independent objects have corresponded to pairs with the same connective (the conjunction "and"). For the "different" group of our first experiment, the members of the different pairs were linked by different connectives, most of which denoted an action. For the "same" group, the members were linked by the same connective, usually one denoting an action. For the "and" group, the members were linked by the connective "and". Cued recall by the "different" group was superior to that of the other two groups. Recall by the "same" and "and" groups did not differ. Within the "different" group, recall of "and" pairs did not differ from the recall of "action" pairs with which they had been mixed. In a second experiment, subjects were required to match the members of a pair. Analogous results were obtained. Overall, the findings imply that recall effects that have previously been interpreted as being a result of interactive imagery may be the result merely of variations in intralist similarity.
相互作用的物体的意象对应于具有不同连接词的配对，而独立物体的意象对应于具有相同连接词（连词“and”）的配对。在我们第一个实验的“不同”组中，不同配对的成员由不同连接词相连，其中大多数表示一种动作。在“相同”组中，成员由相同连接词相连，通常是一个表示动作的连接词。在“and”组中，成员由连接词“and”相连。“不同”组的线索回忆优于其他两组。“相同”组和“and”组的回忆没有差异。在“不同”组内，“and”配对的回忆与与之混合的“动作”配对的回忆没有差异。在第二个实验中，要求受试者匹配配对的成员。得到了类似的结果。总体而言，这些发现表明，先前被解释为交互式意象结果的回忆效果可能仅仅是词表内相似性变化的结果。
