Riefer D M, Rouder J N
Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino 92407.
Mem Cognit. 1992 Nov;20(6):601-11. doi: 10.3758/bf03202710.
A series of experiments was conducted to explore the cognitive processes that mediate the bizarreness effect, that is, the finding that bizarre or unusual imagery is recalled better than common imagery. In all experiments, subjects were presented with noun pairs that were embedded within bizarre or common sentences in a mixed-list design. None of the experiments produced a bizarreness effect for cued recall; however, for two of the experiments, the bizarre noun pairs were remembered significantly better than the common pairs for free recall. To determine if these differences were due to the storage or retrieval of the items, a multinomial model for the analysis of imagery mediation in paired-associate learning was developed and applied to the data from the experiments. The model revealed that bizarre sentences benefited the retrieval of the noun pairs but not their storage within memory. The empirical and modeling results are discussed relative to previous findings and theories on the bizarreness effect.
进行了一系列实验，以探究介导怪诞效应的认知过程，即怪诞或不寻常的意象比普通意象被回忆得更好这一发现。在所有实验中，采用混合列表设计，向受试者呈现嵌入在怪诞或普通句子中的名词对。在所有实验中，线索回忆均未产生怪诞效应；然而，在其中两个实验中，怪诞名词对比普通名词对在自由回忆中被显著更好地记住。为了确定这些差异是由于项目的存储还是检索造成的，开发了一个用于分析配对联想学习中意象中介的多项式模型，并将其应用于实验数据。该模型表明，怪诞句子有利于名词对的检索，但不利于它们在记忆中的存储。结合先前关于怪诞效应的研究结果和理论，对实证和建模结果进行了讨论。
