Vargas M H, Sienra-Monge J J, Díaz-Mejía G S, Olvera-Castillo R, León-González M D
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, México DF, México.
Gac Med Mex. 1996 May-Jun;132(3):255-65.
Asthma is one of the most frequent chronic diseases in children. Its epidemiological tendency is of great importance. In this study, we evaluated the statistical information available from 1987 to 1994 on childhood asthma from several medical institutions in Mexico. We found that: 1) the frequency of medical care provided to asthmatic children under the age of 15 in outpatient, emergency and within hospital settings, expressed as a percentage of the total care provided for each category, has remained unchanged in almost all of the institutions reviewed, whereas the national mortality rate due to asthma has decreased from 3.5/100,000 inhabitants in 1987 to 2.9 in 1993, 2) the frequency of healthcare provided to asthmatics decreases between the ages of 15 to 24; 3) the disease occurs more frequently among males under 15 and in females over that age, 4) from August to November there was a significant rise in care provided for asthmatics in outpatient, emergency and hospital settings in Mexico City and almost every state studied; and 5) the frequency of care for asthmatics increases according to an increase in geographical altitude levels.
哮喘是儿童中最常见的慢性病之一。其流行病学趋势至关重要。在本研究中，我们评估了1987年至1994年期间墨西哥多家医疗机构提供的有关儿童哮喘的统计信息。我们发现：1）在门诊、急诊和住院环境中，为15岁以下哮喘儿童提供医疗护理的频率，以各类别提供的总护理的百分比表示，在几乎所有接受审查的机构中保持不变，而全国哮喘死亡率已从1987年的每10万居民3.5例降至1993年的2.9例；2）15至24岁哮喘患者接受医疗护理的频率下降；3）该疾病在15岁以下男性和该年龄以上女性中更频繁发生；4）从8月到11月，墨西哥城及几乎每个研究州的门诊、急诊和医院环境中为哮喘患者提供的护理显著增加；5）哮喘患者的护理频率随着地理海拔高度的增加而增加。
