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[成人膀胱感染]

[Bladder infections in adults].

作者信息

Sulser T

机构信息

Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsspital Zürich.

出版信息

Ther Umsch. 1996 Sep;53(9):676-81.

PMID:8966695
Abstract

Urinary tract infections belong to the most frequent infections at all. It can be seen above all in younger women for whom it may be rather burdensome especially due to recurrence. The complicated cystitis thus being a women's disease whereas there is a rare incidence in men. Effective therapy consists in almost all the cases of a short empirical treatment of three days. Further investigating being often superfluous. However, there is a higher incidence in ageing men at times to be seen in combination with prostatic hyperplasia. Apart from the simple and uncomplicated cystitis we know the recurrent simple infections as well as the complicated ones and the asymptomatic bacteriuria. Special care has to be taken of the pregnant woman's cystitis in which case our diagnosing the asymptomatic bacteriuria right at the beginning by way of urine tests proves most significant in order to avoid the risk of a pyelonephritis. Even in geronto-therapy the urinary tract infection is a very common disease. Pathogenetically important are then involutional changes along with a possible multimorbidity. In this patient group the asymptomatic bacteriuria takes its course very often without any further need for therapy. Patients under continuous catheterization presenting with urinary tract infections are very common, every permanent catheter basically causing bacteriuria. Therapeutical measures with regard to resistance are indicated as a rule only in case of symptomatic urinary tract infections.

摘要

尿路感染是最为常见的感染之一。尤其在年轻女性中更为常见,对她们来说,尿路感染可能相当麻烦,特别是由于其易复发。因此,复杂性膀胱炎是一种女性疾病,而在男性中发病率较低。几乎在所有情况下,有效的治疗方法都是进行为期三天的短期经验性治疗。进一步的检查通常是多余的。然而,老年男性中尿路感染的发病率有时会更高,且常与前列腺增生有关。除了单纯性和非复杂性膀胱炎外,我们还了解复发性单纯感染、复杂性感染以及无症状菌尿。对于孕妇膀胱炎必须格外小心,在这种情况下,通过尿液检测在一开始就诊断出无症状菌尿对于避免肾盂肾炎的风险最为重要。即使在老年治疗中,尿路感染也是一种非常常见的疾病。在发病机制上,衰老变化以及可能的多种疾病并存具有重要意义。在这个患者群体中,无症状菌尿通常无需进一步治疗即可自行发展。持续导尿的患者出现尿路感染非常常见,每根长期导尿管基本上都会导致菌尿。通常只有在出现症状性尿路感染时才需要采取针对耐药性的治疗措施。

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