Barolin G S
Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institut für Neuro-Rehabilitation und -Prophylaxe, Feldkirch-Tisis.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1996;146(12):245-52.
Any somatic diseased should be offered (additional) psychotherapy and many patients are able to profit a good deal by it. This accounts generally not only in the defined "psychosomatic illnesses". Specific indications according to target symptoms have to be applied; but no primary exclusion! This is a big challenge for a new generation of psychotherapists, having almost not been regarded in the classical "psychotherapeutic schools" up to now. It wants regarding of hic et nunc during the acute crises of disease, should however be in fluent transition to long term psychotherapy. It accounts specially for the rehabilitation patient, the incurable patient, the geriatric patient in general. Relatives as well as the nursing personal must be included in the sense of a "systemic approach". This shows, that one single psychotherapeutic school cannot be prepared to fulfill these demands. Psychotherapeutic "schools" present an important basis, should however lead towards an "integrated psychotherapy" to be problem-centered, patient-centered and school-pluralistic. Psychotherapy in somatic illness shows this demands very distinctly. We however consider the "integrated approach" a main street for future psychotherapy in general.
任何患有躯体疾病的患者都应接受(额外的)心理治疗,许多患者能从中受益匪浅。这通常不仅适用于明确的“心身疾病”。必须根据目标症状应用特定的适应症;但不能进行初步排除!这对新一代心理治疗师来说是一个巨大的挑战,在传统的“心理治疗学派”中,这一点至今几乎未得到重视。它需要在疾病的急性发作期关注当下情况,但应顺利过渡到长期心理治疗。这尤其适用于康复患者、绝症患者、一般老年患者。从“系统方法”的角度来看,亲属以及护理人员都必须参与进来。这表明,单一的心理治疗学派无法满足这些需求。心理治疗“学派”是一个重要的基础,但应以问题为中心、以患者为中心且学派多元化,进而走向“综合心理治疗”。躯体疾病中的心理治疗非常明显地体现了这些需求。然而,我们认为“综合方法”是未来总体心理治疗的主要方向。